[资料共享]无被动语态的动词

无被动语态的动词
除不及物动词无被动语态外，有另外六类动词无被动语态：
1．某些表示静态的及物动词：
have，fit，lack，resemble（像），suit，hold（容纳），cost，suffer，last（持续）等。
He has a good car．（不说：A good car is had…）他有一辆好汽车。
They were having a bath then．（不说：A bath was being had…）那时他们正在洗澡。
The shoes don't fit me．（不说：I'm not fitted by…）这双鞋不合适我。
He resembles his father．（不说：His father is resembled by…）他长得像他父亲。
The shirt suits me well．（不说：I'm suited by…）这衬衫很合我身。
The room can hold 500 people．（不说：500 people can be held by…）这房间能容纳500个人。
The book cost me five dollars．（不说：I was cost five dollars by…）这本书花了我5美元。
They suffered heavy losses．（不说：They were suffered…）他们损失惨重。
2．某些由及物动词转变的自动词：
这些动词有人称之为主动形式，被动意义，也有人称之为自动词。顾名思义，自动词是说动词的动作是由主语自身所产生的。既然是主语自身产生的动作，就根本不存在被动语态了。这类动词常见的有：
promise（有指望），sell，wash，write，wear，read，break out，run out，give out，add up to，take place，turn out（证实），catch（挂住），等。
The game promises to be an exciting one．（不说：…is promised…）预计这是一场令人激动的比赛。
The goods sell well．（不说：…are sold…）
这些商品畅销。
The clothes wash well．（不说：…are washed…）
这些衣服好洗。
My pen writes smoothly．（不说：…is written…）
我的钢笔好使。
Your article reads easily．（不说：…is read…）
你的文章好读。
The Second World War broke out in 1939．（不说：…was broken…）
第二次世界大战于1939年爆发。
My ink has run out．（不说：…has been run…）
我的钢笔水用完了。
My gase gave out．（不说：…was given out…）我的汽油用光了。
His whole school education added up to no more than one year．（不说：…wasadded up to…）
他的全部学校教育加起来不到一年。
It turned out that he was right．（不说：It was turned…）
已证实他对。
This turned out to be a great help to the workers．（不说：…was turned…）
结果证实对工人有好处。
My foot caught on a stone．（不说：…was caught…）
我的脚被石头绊了一下。
The kite caught in a tree．（不说：…was caught…）
风筝被树挂住了。
如果这些动词作及物动词用，就用被动语态。
The goods are sold out．
货物卖光了。
The clothes have been worn out already．
衣服已穿破了。
Many books have been turned out this year．
今年出版了许多书。
He was caught stealing．
他偷窃被抓住。
Another sentence has been added to the article．
这篇文章又加了一句话。
3．系动词：
有些动词自身就是系动词，有些系动词是由实意动词演变而来的。例如：
She appears to be friendly．
她看上去友好。
He seemed to have known it already．
他看上去已经知道了此事。
The flowers smell nice．
花闻上去香。
Cotton feels soft．
棉花摸上去软。
He is older than he looks．
他比他看上去老。
The man turned blue with fear．
这人脸吓得发白。
The clothes have worn thin．
衣服已穿薄了。
The shoes wear long．
这鞋耐穿。
4．有些不及物动词加介词可以用被动语态，但有些就不能。例如：
agree with，arrive at（到达），get to（到达），look into，walk into
Every one agreed with me．（不说：I was agreed with by…）
They arrived at the village．（不说：The village was arrived at…）
They got to the station．（不说：The station was got to…）
（下面句子词义变了，故可以用被动语态。）试比较：
The arrangement hasn't been agreed upon．
安排尚未达成协议。
The conclusion has not been arrived at．
结论还没得出。
The matter will be looked into．
此事将被调查。
5．动词leave（离开），enter（加入，进入），join（参加）不可用被动语态。例如：He left his house．（不说：His house was left．）
他离开他的家。
He entered the room．（不说：The room was entered．）
他进屋了。
He joined the Party．（不说：The Party was joined by him．）
他入党了。

......................